Designing a curriculum

In curriculum development, three stages named as Planning, Implementing and Evaluating are included. The following design process is adapted from an English Language Teaching (ELT) initiative and revised to make the process applicable to all disciplines.

Theoretical framework

  • What is the broad sociocultural context of learning?
  • What beliefs about the subject matter and the learning of the subject matter are to be articulated through the curriculum?

Stakeholder analysis

  • Who are the stakeholders?
  • What do they expect learners to be able to do?
  • What expertise already exists in the institution?
  • How committed are various stakeholders to curriculum development/ renewal?

Needs analysis with learners

  • What do learners already know and what are they able to do?
  • What do they need to know and be able to do?

Outcome and goals

  • What are the intended goals of the curriculum?
  • What will learners be able to do as a result of the curriculum?
  • What will learners have to do to achieve those goals?

Approach to curriculum design

  • What approach to curriculum design is most appropriate for the outcomes and goals?
  • Are teaching staff educated in using this approach? If not, can professional development be conducted?
  • What would it entail?

Content and scope

  • What content needs to be taught so learners can achieve these goals?
  • How should the content be organized?
  • Should there be a number of courses to reach the goals?

Learning materials and activities

  • What materials help learners acquire the content?
  • What activities help learners achieve the course objectives?
  • What roles do teachers and learners take?

Assessments

  • How will learners be placed in different courses?
  • How will we determine what learners have achieve?
  • What do we do with this information?

Evaluation of the instruction to context

  • Does instruction reflect the theoretical framework?
  • Are teachers teaching to the curriculum?
  • Are learners engaged in the curriculum?
  • What impact does the curriculum have on instruction?

Evaluation of the learning to context

  • Does student learning achieve the goals/ objectives of the curriculum?
  • Does this learning meet student needs?
  • Does this learning meet stakeholders needs?
  • What impact does the curriculum have on learning?

References:
Christison, M., & Murray, D. E. (2014). What English language teachers need to know. Volume III: designing curriculum (pp. 51-82).
Murray, D. E., & Christison, M. (2011). What English Language Teachers Need to Know Volume II: Facilitating Learning (p. 10). Routledge.

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