{"id":338,"date":"2021-02-22T11:36:26","date_gmt":"2021-02-22T03:36:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dses.eduhk.hk\/?page_id=338"},"modified":"2026-05-13T15:09:47","modified_gmt":"2026-05-13T07:09:47","slug":"egap-writing-chicago-style","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dses.eduhk.hk\/?page_id=338","title":{"rendered":"EGAP-Writing-Chicago Style"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\n\t\t\t Notes and Bibliography system\t<\/h1>\n

\n\t\t\tBook\t<\/h3>\n\t

Notes<\/u><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Zadie Smith, Swing Time<\/em> (New York: Penguin Press, 2016), 315-16.<\/li>\n
  2. Brian Grazer and Charles Fishman, A Curious Mind: The Secret to a Bigger Life<\/em> (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2015), 12.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Shortened notes<\/u><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Smith, Swing Time<\/em>, 320.<\/li>\n
    2. Grazer and Fishman, Curious Mind<\/em>, 37.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)<\/u><\/p>\n

      Grazer, Brian, and Charles Fishman. A Curious Mind: The Secret to a Bigger Life<\/em>. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2015.<\/p>\n

      Smith, Zadie. Swing Time<\/em>. New York: Penguin Press, 2016.<\/p>\n

      \n\t\t\tChapter or other part of an edited book\t<\/h3>\n\t

      In a note, cite specific pages. In the bibliography, include the page range for the chapter or part.<\/p>\n

      Note<\/u><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Henry David Thoreau, “Walking,” in The Making of the American Essay,<\/em> ed. John D’Agata (Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016), 177-78.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Shortened note<\/u><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Thoreau, “Walking,” 182.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Bibliography entry<\/u><\/p>\n

          Thoreau, Henry David. “Walking.” In The Making of the American Essay,<\/em> edited by John D’Agata, 167-95. Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016.<\/p>\n

          In some cases, you may want to cite the collection as a whole instead.<\/p>\n

          Note<\/u><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. John D’Agata, ed., The Making of the American Essay<\/em> (Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016), 177-78.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Shortened note<\/u><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. D’Agata, American Essay<\/em>, 182.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Bibliography entry<\/u><\/p>\n

              D’Agata, John, ed. The Making of the American Essay<\/em>. Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016.<\/p>\n

              \n\t\t\tTranslated book\t<\/h3>\n\t

              Note<\/u><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Jhumpa Lahiri, In Other Words<\/em>, trans. Ann Goldstein (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2016), 146.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Shortened note<\/u><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Lahiri, In Other Words<\/em>, 184.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Bibliography entry<\/u><\/p>\n

                  Lahiri, Jhumpa. In Other Words<\/em>. Translated by Ann Goldstein. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2016.<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\t\tE-book\t<\/h3>\n\t

                  For books consulted online, include a URL or the name of the database. For other types of e-books, name the format. If no fixed page numbers are available, cite a section title or a chapter or other number in the notes, if any (or simply omit).<\/p>\n

                  Notes<\/u><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Herman Melville, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale<\/em> (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1851), 627, http:\/\/mel.hofstra.edu\/moby-dick-the-whale-proofs.html.<\/li>\n
                  2. Philip B. Kurland and Ralph Lerner, eds., The Founders’ Constitution<\/em> (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987), chap. 10, doc. 19, http:\/\/press-pubs.uchicago.edu\/founders\/.<\/li>\n
                  3. Brooke Borel, The Chicago Guide to Fact-Checking<\/em> (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016), 92, ProQuest Ebrary.<\/li>\n
                  4. Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice<\/em> (New York: Penguin Classics, 2007), chap. 3, Kindle.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Shortened notes<\/u><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Melville, Moby-Dick<\/em>, 722-23.<\/li>\n
                    2. Kurland and Lerner, Founders’ Constitution<\/em>, chap. 4, doc. 29.<\/li>\n
                    3. Borel, Fact-Checking<\/em>, 104-5.<\/li>\n
                    4. Austen, Pride and Prejudice<\/em>, chap. 14.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)<\/u><\/p>\n

                      Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice<\/em>. New York: Penguin Classics, 2007. Kindle.<\/p>\n

                      Borel, Brooke. The Chicago Guide to Fact-Checking<\/em>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016. ProQuest Ebrary.<\/p>\n

                      Kurland, Philip B., and Ralph Lerner, eds. The Founders’ Constitution<\/em>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 http:\/\/press-pubs.uchicago.edu\/founders\/.<\/p>\n

                      Melville, Herman. Moby-Dick; or, The Whale<\/em>. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1851. http:\/\/mel.hofstra.edu\/moby-dick-the-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 whale-proofs.html.<\/p>\n

                      \n\t\t\tJournal article\t<\/h3>\n\t

                      In a note, cite specific page numbers. In the bibliography, include the page range for the whole article. For articles consulted online, include a URL or the name of the database. Many journal articles list a DOI (Digital Object Identifier). A DOI forms a permanent URL that begins https:\/\/doi.org\/. This URL is preferable to the URL that appears in your browser’s address bar.<\/p>\n

                      Notes<\/p>\nSusan Satterfield, “Livy and the Pax Deum,” Classical Philology 111, no. 2 (April 2016): 170.
                      \nShao-Hsun Keng, Chun-Hung Lin, and Peter F. Orazem, “Expanding College Access in Taiwan, China, 1978-2014: Effects on Graduate Quality and Income Inequality,” Journal of Human Capital 11, no. 1 (Spring 2017): 9-10, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/690235.
                      \nPeter LaSalle, “Conundrum: A Story about Reading,” New England Review 38, no. 1 (2017): 95, Project MUSE.
                      \nShortened notes\nSatterfield, “Livy,” 172-73.
                      \nKeng, Lin, and Orazem, “Expanding College Access,” 23.
                      \nLaSalle, “Conundrum,” 101.
                      \nBibliography entries (in alphabetical order)\n

                      Keng, Shao-Hsun, Chun-Hung Lin, and Peter F. Orazem. “Expanding College Access in Taiwan, China, 1978-2014: Effects on \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Graduate Quality and Income Inequality.” Journal of Human Capital 11, no. 1 (Spring 2017): 1-34. https:\/\/doi.org\u00a0\u00a0 \/10.1086\/690235.<\/p>\n

                      LaSalle, Peter. “Conundrum: A Story about Reading.” New England Review 38, no. 1 (2017): 95-109. Project MUSE.<\/p>\n

                      Satterfield, Susan. “Livy and the Pax Deum.” Classical Philology 111, no. 2 (April 2016): 165-76.<\/p>\n

                      Journal articles often list many authors, especially in the sciences. If there are four or more authors, list up to ten in the bibliography; in a note, list only the first, followed by et al. (“and others”). For more than ten authors (not shown here), list the first seven in the bibliography, followed by et al.<\/p>\n

                      Note<\/p>\nRachel A. Bay et al., “Predicting Responses to Contemporary Environmental Change Using Evolutionary Response Architectures,” American Naturalist 189, no. 5 (May 2017): 465, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/691233.
                      \nShortened note\nBay et al., “Predicting Responses,” 466.
                      \nBibliography entry\n

                      Bay, Rachael A., Noah Rose, Rowan Barrett, Louis Bernatchez, Cameron K. Ghalambor, Jesse R. Lasky, Rachel B. Brem, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Stephen R. Palumbi, and Peter Ralph. “Predicting Responses to Contemporary Environmental Change Using \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evolutionary Response Architectures.” American Naturalist 189, no. 5 (May 2017): 463-73. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\u00a0\u00a0 \/691233.<\/p>\n

                      \n\t\t\tNews or magazine article\t<\/h3>\n\t

                      Articles from newspapers or news sites, magazines, blogs, and the like are cited similarly. Page numbers, if any, can be cited in a note but are omitted from a bibliography entry. If you consulted the article online, include a URL or the name of the database.<\/p>\n

                      Notes<\/u><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. Rebecca Mead, “The Prophet of Dystopia,” New Yorker<\/em>, April 17, 2017, 43.<\/li>\n
                      2. Farhad Manjoo, “Snap Makes a Bet on the Cultural Supremacy of the Camera,” New York Times<\/em>, March 8, 2017, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/03\/08\/technology\/snap-makes-a-bet-on-the-cultural-supremacy-of-the-camera.html.<\/li>\n
                      3. Rob Pegoraro, “Apple’s iPhone Is Sleek, Smart and Simple,” Washington Post<\/em>, July 5, 2007, LexisNexis Academic.<\/li>\n
                      4. Tanya Pai, “The Squishy, Sugary History of Peeps,” Vox<\/em>, April 11, 2017, http:\/\/www.vox.com\/culture\/2017\/4\/11\/15209084\/peeps-easter.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        Shortened notes<\/u><\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. Mead, “Dystopia,” 47.<\/li>\n
                        2. Manjoo, “Snap.”<\/li>\n
                        3. Pegoraro, “Apple’s iPhone.”<\/li>\n
                        4. Pai, “History of Peeps.”<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)<\/u><\/p>\n

                          Manjoo, Farhad. “Snap Makes a Bet on the Cultural Supremacy of the Camera.” New York Times<\/em>, March 8, 2017. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/03\/08\/technology\/snap-makes-a-bet-on-the-cultural-supremacy-of-the-camera.html.<\/p>\n

                          Mead, Rebecca. “The Prophet of Dystopia.” New Yorker<\/em>, April 17, 2017.<\/p>\n

                          Pai, Tanya. “The Squishy, Sugary History of Peeps.” Vox<\/em>, April 11, 2017. http:\/\/www.vox.com\/culture\/2017\/4\/11\/15209084\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/peeps-easter.<\/p>\n

                          Pegoraro, Rob. “Apple’s iPhone Is Sleek, Smart and Simple.” Washington Post<\/em>, July 5, 2007. LexisNexis Academic.<\/p>\n

                          Readers’ comments are cited in the text or in a note but omitted from a bibliography.<\/p>\n

                          Note<\/u><\/p>\n

                            \n
                          1. Eduardo B (Los Angeles), March 9, 2017, comment on Manjoo, “Snap.”<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            \n\t\t\tBook review\t<\/h3>\n\t

                            Note<\/u><\/p>\n

                              \n
                            1. Michiko Kakutani, “Friendship Takes a Path That Diverges,” review of Swing Time<\/em>, by Zadie Smith, New York Times<\/em>, November 7, 2016.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                              Shortened note<\/u><\/p>\n

                                \n
                              1. Kakutani, “Friendship.”<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                Bibliography entry<\/u><\/p>\n

                                Kakutani, Michiko. “Friendship Takes a Path That Diverges.” Review of Swing Time<\/em>, by Zadie Smith. New York Times<\/em>, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 November 7, 2016.<\/p>\n

                                \n\t\t\tInterview\t<\/h3>\n\t

                                Note<\/u><\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                1. Kory Stamper, “From ‘F-Bomb’ to ‘Photobomb,’ How the Dictionary Keeps Up with English,” interview by Terry Gross, Fresh Air<\/em>, NPR, April 19, 2017, audio, 35:25, http:\/\/www.npr.org\/2017\/04\/19\/524618639\/from-f-bomb-to-photobomb-how- the-dictionary-keeps-up-with-english.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                  Shortened note<\/u><\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  1. Stamper, interview.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                    Bibliography entry<\/u><\/p>\n

                                    Stamper, Kory. “From ‘F-Bomb’ to ‘Photobomb,’ How the Dictionary Keeps Up with English.” Interview by Terry Gross. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fresh Air<\/em>, NPR, April 19, 2017. Audio, 35:25. http:\/\/www.npr.org\/2017\/04\/19\/524618639\/from-f-bomb-to-photobomb-how-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 the-dictionary-keeps-up-with-english.<\/p>\n

                                    \n\t\t\tThesis or dissertation\t<\/h3>\n\t

                                    Note<\/u><\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    1. Cynthia Lillian Rutz, “King Lear<\/em> and Its Folktale Analogues” (PhD diss., University of Chicago, 2013), 99-100.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                      Shortened note<\/u><\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      1. Rutz, “King Lear<\/em>,” 158.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                        Bibliography entry<\/u><\/p>\n

                                        Rutz, Cynthia Lillian. “King Lear<\/em> and Its Folktale Analogues.” PhD diss., University of Chicago, 2013.<\/p>\n

                                        \n\t\t\tWebsite content\t<\/h3>\n\t

                                        It is often sufficient simply to describe web pages and other website content in the text (“As of May 1, 2017, Yale’s home page listed . . .”). If a more formal citation is needed, it may be styled like the examples below. For a source that does not list a date of publication or revision, include an access date (as in example note 2).<\/p>\n

                                        Notes<\/u><\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        1. “Privacy Policy,” Privacy & Terms, Google, last modified April 17, 2017, https:\/\/www.google.com\/policies\/privacy\/.<\/li>\n
                                        2. “About Yale: Yale Facts,” Yale University, accessed May 1, 2017, https:\/\/www.yale.edu\/about-yale\/yale-facts.<\/li>\n
                                        3. Katie Bouman, “How to Take a Picture of a Black Hole,” filmed November 2016 at TEDxBeaconStreet, Brookline, MA, video, 12:51, https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/katie_bouman_what_does_a_black_hole_look_like.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                          Shortened notes<\/u><\/p>\n

                                            \n
                                          1. Google, “Privacy Policy.”<\/li>\n
                                          2. “Yale Facts.”<\/li>\n
                                          3. Bouman, “Black Hole.”<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                            Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)<\/u><\/p>\n

                                            Bouman, Katie. “How to Take a Picture of a Black Hole.” Filmed November 2016 at TEDxBeaconStreet, Brookline, MA. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Video, 12:51. https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/katie_bouman_what_does_a_black_hole_look_like.<\/p>\n

                                            Google. “Privacy Policy.” Privacy & Terms. Last modified April 17, 2017. https:\/\/www.google.com\/policies\/privacy\/.<\/p>\n

                                            Yale University. “About Yale: Yale Facts.” Accessed May 1, 2017. https:\/\/www.yale.edu\/about-yale\/yale-facts.<\/p>\n

                                            \n\t\t\tSocial media content\t<\/h3>\n\t

                                            Citations of content shared through social media can usually be limited to the text (as in the first example below). A note may be added if a more formal citation is needed. In rare cases, a bibliography entry may also be appropriate. In place of a title, quote up to the first 160 characters of the post. Comments are cited in reference to the original post.<\/p>\n

                                            Text<\/u><\/p>\n

                                            Conan O’Brien’s tweet was characteristically deadpan: “In honor of Earth Day, I’m recycling my tweets” (@ConanOBrien, April 22, 2015).<\/p>\n

                                            Notes<\/u><\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                            1. Pete Souza (@petesouza), “President Obama bids farewell to President Xi of China at the conclusion of the Nuclear Security Summit,” Instagram photo, April 1, 2016, https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/BDrmfXTtNCt\/.<\/li>\n
                                            2. Chicago Manual of Style, “Is the world ready for singular they? We thought so back in 1993,” Facebook, April 17, 2015, https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ChicagoManual\/posts\/10152906193679151.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                              Shortened notes<\/u><\/p>\n

                                                \n
                                              1. Souza, “President Obama.”<\/li>\n
                                              2. Michele Truty, April 17, 2015, 1:09 p.m., comment on Chicago Manual of Style, “singular they.”<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                Bibliography entry<\/u><\/p>\n

                                                Chicago Manual of Style. “Is the world ready for singular they? We thought so back in 1993.” Facebook, April 17, 2015. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ChicagoManual\/posts\/10152906193679151.<\/p>\n

                                                \n\t\t\tPersonal communication\t<\/h3>\n\t

                                                Personal communications, including email and text messages and direct messages sent through social media, are usually cited in the text or in a note only; they are rarely included in a bibliography.<\/p>\n

                                                Note<\/u><\/p>\n

                                                  \n
                                                1. Sam Gomez, Facebook message to author, August 1, 2017<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t

                                                  https:\/\/www.chicagomanualofstyle.org\/tools_citationguide\/citation-guide-1.html<\/a>)<\/p>\n

                                                  \n\t\t\tShort Quiz\t<\/h3>\n\t\n
                                                  \n \n \n
                                                  \n \n \n \n
                                                  \n \n \n \n \n
                                                  \n
                                                  \n \n \n

                                                  Citation Quiz: Chicago Style<\/p>\n

                                                  <\/div>\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>
                                                  \n \n \n

                                                  1 \/ 3<\/p>\n

                                                  \n \n
                                                  \n

                                                  Which of the following word is a correct\u00a0<\/span>short\u00a0<\/span>footnote<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>of Chicago style<\/span>?<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>(B<\/span>ased on this example:\u00a0<\/span>Ruben,\u00a0<\/span>Aarne<\/span>. \"The \u201cunknown Voice\u201d in Western History since Socrates.\"\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Semiotica<\/span>\u00a02017<\/span><\/span>, no. 215 (2017): 269-80.<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n \n

                                                  \n
                                                  \n \n\n \n\n